Institutos Universitarios

Publications

2009-2023

The differential effects of palmitic acid and oleic acid on the metabolic response of hypothalamic astrocytes from male and female mice. Collado-Perez R, Chamoso-Sánchez D, García A, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Jiménez-Hernáiz M, Canelles S, Argente J, Frago LM, Chowen JA. J Neurosci Res. 2024 May;102(5):e25339. DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25339

Cytoprotective–Antioxidant Effect of Brunfelsia grandiflora Extract on Neuron-like Cells. José-Luis Rodríguez; Raquel Mateos; Olga Palomino; Maria S. Fernández-Alfonso; Norma Ramos-Cevallos; Luis Inostroza-Ruiz; Nadia Panduro-Tenazoa; Wendy Bada-Laura; Noé Ramírez-Flores; Luis Goya. Applied Sciences 2023-11-11 DOI: 10.3390/app132212233

 Finerenone protects against progression of kidney and cardiovascular damage in a model of type 1 diabetes through modulation of proinflammatory and osteogenic factors. M Sanz-Gómez, FJ Manzano-Lista, E Vega-Martín, D González-Moreno, M Alcalá, M Gil-Ortega, B Somoza, C Pizzamiglio, LM Ruilope, I Aranguez, P Kolkhof, R Kreutz, MS Fernández-Alfonso, Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 168 (2023) 115661. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115661

Systematic review of self-medication in students of medical and biological sciences careers. Azócar P, Valdés-González M, Garrido-Suárez BB, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Garrido G (2023)  J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 11(6): 1079–1105. DOI: 10.56499/jppres23.1671_11.6.1079 

2023 ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension Endorsed by the European Renal Association (ERA) and the International Society of Hypertension (ISH). Mancia Chairperson G, Kreutz Co-Chair R, Brunström M, Burnier M, Grassi G, Januszewicz A, Muiesan ML, Tsioufis K, Agabiti-Rosei E, Algharably EAE, Azizi M, Benetos A, Borghi C, Hitij JB, Cifkova R, Coca A, Cornelissen V, Cruickshank K, Cunha PG, Danser AHJ, de Pinho RM, Delles C, Dominiczak AF, Dorobantu M, Doumas M, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Halimi JM, Járai Z, Jelaković B, Jordan J, Kuznetsova T, Laurent S, Lovic D, Lurbe E, Mahfoud F, Manolis A, Miglinas M, Narkiewicz K, Niiranen T, Palatini P, Parati G, Pathak A, Persu A, Polonia J, Redon J, Sarafidis P, Schmieder R, Spronck B, Stabouli S, Stergiou G, Taddei S, Thomopoulos C, Tomaszewski M, Van de Borne P, Wanner C, Weber T, Williams B, Zhang ZY, Kjeldsen SE; Authors/Task Force Members: J Hypertens 2023; 41:1874–2071.. DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003480
 
Short-term dietary intervention improves endothelial dysfunction induced by high-fat feeding in mice through upregulation of the AMPK-CREB signaling pathway.
González-Blázquez R, Gil-Ortega M, Alcalá M, González-Moreno D, Viana M, Chowen JA, Sanz-Gómez M, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Somoza B. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2023 Aug 8:e14023. DOI: 10.1111/apha.14023
 
Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant Capacity and Anti-Oxidative Stress Potential of South American Fabaceae Desmodium tortuosum. Rodríguez JL, Berrios P, Clavo ZM, Marin-Bravo M, Inostroza-Ruiz L, Ramos-Gonzalez M, Quispe-Solano M, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Palomino O, Goya L. Nutrients. 2023 Feb 1;15(3):746. doi: 10.3390/nu15030746
Imbalance in Bone Morphogenic Proteins 2 and 7 Is Associated with Renal and Cardiovascular Damage in Chronic Kidney Disease. Manzano-Lista FJ, Sanz-Gómez M, González-Moreno D, Vega-Martín E, Gil-Ortega M, Schulz A, Rubio MÁ, Ruiz-Hurtado G, Ruilope LM, Aránguez I, Kreutz R, Fernández-Alfonso MS.Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Dec 20;24(1):40.

Effects of saturated versus unsaturated fatty acids on metabolism, gliosis, and hypothalamic leptin sensitivity in male mice. Fernández-Felipe J, Valencia-Avezuela M, Merino B, Somoza B, Cano V, Sanz-Martos AB, Frago LM, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Ruiz-Gayo M, Chowen JA.Nutr Neurosci. 2022 Feb 6:1-14. 

Physiological Doses of Oleic and Palmitic Acids Protect Human Endothelial Cells from Oxidative Stress. Palomino OM, Giordani V, Chowen J, Fernandez-Alfonso SF, Goya L.Molecules. 2022 Aug 16;27(16):5217.

Novel indolic AMPK modulators induce vasodilatation through activation of the AMPK-eNOS-NO pathway. Sanz-Gómez M, Aledavood E, Beroiz-Salaverri M, Lagartera L, Vega-Martín E, Gil-Ortega M, Cumella J, Pérez C, Luque FJ, Estarellas C, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Castro A.Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 10;12(1):4225.
Impact of intervention of community pharmacists on cardiovascular outcomes in Spain: A systematic review. Marjan Manouchehri1,2, María S. Fernández-Alfonso1,2, Marta Gil-Ortega3*. J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 952-976, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres22.1422_10.5.952

AT2R stimulation with C21 prevents arterial stiffening and endothelial dysfunction in the abdominal aorta from mice fed a high-fat diet. González-Blázquez R, Alcalá M, Cárdenas-Rebollo JM, Viana M, Steckelings UM, Boisvert WA, Unger T, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Somoza B, Gil-Ortega M.Clin Sci (Lond). 2021 Dec 22;135(24):2763-2780.

C21 preserves endothelial function in the thoracic aorta from DIO mice: role for AT2, Mas and B2 receptors. González-Blázquez R, Alcalá M, Fernández-Alfonso M, Steckelings UM, Lorenzo MP, Viana M, Boisvert W, Unger T, Ortega MG, Somoza B.Clin Sci (Lond). 2021 Apr 26:CS20210049. doi: 10.1042/CS20210049. 

The real impact of COVID-19 on community pharmacy professionals as part of the primary health care frontier workforce in Spain.  Marjan Manouchehri1,2, Sukvinder K. Bhamra3, María S. Fernández-Alfonso1,2,4, Marta Gil-Ortega5*. Pharm Pharmacogn Res 9(6): 878-891, 2021.

Differential Deleterious Impact of Highly Saturated Versus Monounsaturated Fat Intake on Vascular Function, Structure, and Mechanics in Mice. Elena Vega-Martín, Marta Gil-Ortega, Raquel González-Blázquez, Sara Benedito, Jesús Fernández-Felipe, Mariano Ruiz-Gayo, Nuria del Olmo, Julie A. Chowen, Laura M. Frago, Beatriz Somoza and María S. Fernández-Alfonso. Nutrients 2021, 13, 1003. https://doi.org/10.3390/ nu13031003

Relevance of control diet choice in metabolic studies: impact in glucose homeostasis and vascular function. González-Blázquez R, Alcalá M, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Villa-Valverde P, Viana M, Gil-Ortega M, Somoza B.Sci Rep. 2020 Feb 19;10(1):2902. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59674-0.

Impact of caloric restriction on AMPK and endoplasmic reticulum stress in peripheral tissues and circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Zucker rats. Vega-Martín E, González-Blázquez R, Manzano-Lista FJ, Martín-Ramos M, García-Prieto CF, Viana M, Rubio MA, Calle-Pascual AL, Lionetti L, Somoza B, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Alcalá M, Gil-Ortega M.J Nutr Biochem. 2020 Jan 9;78:108342. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108342

Finerenone Reduces Intrinsic Arterial Stiffness in Munich Wistar Frömter Rats, a Genetic Model of Chronic Kidney Disease. Gil-Ortega M, Vega-Martín E, Martín-Ramos M, González-Blázquez R, Pulido-Olmo H, Ruiz-Hurtado G, Schulz A, Ruilope LM, Kolkhof P, Somoza B, Kreutz R, Fernández-Alfonso MS.Am J Nephrol. 2020;51(4):294-303. doi: 10.1159/000506275. 

Impact of pharmacist's intervention on reducing cardiovascular risk in obese patients. Huete L, Manzano-Lista FJ, Aránguez I, Fernández-Alfonso MS. Int J Clin Pharm. 2019 Aug;41(4):1099-1109. doi: 10.1007/s11096-019-00856-w.

Beneficial Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Abnormal MMP-9 and AMPK Activities: Potential Markers of Obesity-Related CV Risk. García-Prieto CF, Gil-Ortega M, Vega-Martín E, Ramiro-Cortijo D, Martín-Ramos M, Bordiú E, Sanchez-Pernaute A, Torres A, Aránguez I, Fernández-Alfonso M, Rubio MA, Somoza B. Front Physiol. 2019 May 8;10:553. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00553.

Caloric restriction induces H2O2 formation as a trigger of AMPK-eNOS-NO pathway in obese rats: Role for CAMKII. García-Prieto CF, Gil-Ortega M, Plaza A, Manzano-Lista FJ, González-Blázquez R, Alcalá M, Rodríguez-Rodríguez P, Viana M, Aránguez I, Gollasch M, Somoza B, Fernández-Alfonso MS. Free Radic Biol Med. 2019 Aug 1;139:35-45. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.05.016.

Beneficial effects of murtilla extract and madecassic acid on insulin sensitivity and endothelial function in a model of diet-induced obesity. Arancibia-Radich J, González-Blázquez R, Alcalá M, Martín-Ramos M, Viana M, Arribas S, Delporte C, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Somoza B, Gil-Ortega M. Sci Rep. 2019 Jan 24;9(1):599. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-36555-1.

Physiological and pathophysiological roles of hypothalamic astrocytes in metabolism. Chowen JA, Frago LM, Fernández-Alfonso MS. J Neuroendocrinol. 2018 Dec 17:e12671. doi: 10.1111/jne.12671.

Finerenone Attenuates Endothelial Dysfunction and Albuminuria in a Chronic Kidney Disease Model by a Reduction in Oxidative Stress. González-Blázquez R, Somoza B, Gil-Ortega M, Martín Ramos M, Ramiro-Cortijo D, Vega-Martín E, Schulz A, Ruilope LM, Kolkhof P, Kreutz R, Fernández-Alfonso MS. Front Pharmacol. 2018 Oct 9;9:1131. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01131.
 

Cholecystokinin is involved in triglyceride fatty acid uptake by rat adipose tissue. Plaza A, Merino B, Cano V, Domínguez G, Pérez-Castells J, Soledad Fernández-Alfonso M, Sengenès C, Chowen JA, Ruiz-Gayo M. J Endocrinol. 2018 Mar;236(3):137-150.

Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease. Fernández-Alfonso MS, Somoza B, Tsvetkov D, Kuczmanski A, Dashwood M, Gil-Ortega M. Compr Physiol. 2017 Dec 12;8(1):23-59.

Rapid, Automated, and Specific Immunoassay to Directly Measure Matrix Metalloproteinase-9-Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 Interactions in Human Plasma Using AlphaLISA Technology: A New Alternative to Classical ELISA.  Pulido-Olmo H, Rodríguez-Sánchez E, Navarro-García JA, Barderas MG, Álvarez-Llamas G, Segura J, Fernández-Alfonso M, Ruilope LM, Ruiz-Hurtado G.Front Immunol. 2017 Jul 24;8:853.

Mild and Short-Term Caloric Restriction Prevents Obesity-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Young Zucker Rats without Changing in Metabolites and Fatty Acids Cardiac Profile. Ruiz-Hurtado G, García-Prieto CF, Pulido-Olmo H, Velasco-Martín JP, Villa-Valverde P, Fernández-Valle ME, Boscá L, Fernández-Velasco M, Regadera J, Somoza B, Fernández-Alfonso MS. Front Physiol. 2017 Feb 1;8:42. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00042.

Role of PVAT on coronary atherosclerosis and vein graft patency: friend or foe? Fernández Alfonso MS, Gil-Ortega M, Aranguez I, Souza D, Dreifaldt M, Somoza B, Dashwood MR. Br J Pharmacol. 2017 Feb 1. doi: 10.1111/bph.13734.

Caloric Restriction as a Strategy to Improve Vascular Dysfunction in Metabolic Disorders. García-Prieto CF, Fernández-Alfonso MS. Nutrients. 2016 Jun 15;8(6). pii: E370.

Commentary: Perivascular Fat and Improved Vein Graft Patency in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery. Fernandez-Alfonso MS, Souza DS, Dreifaldt M, Dashwood MR. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2016 May 13. [Epub ahead of print]

Global cardiovascular protection in chronic kidney disease. Ruiz-Hurtado G, Sarafidis P, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Waeber B, Ruilope LM. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2016 Oct;13(10):603-8. doi: 10.1038/nrcardio.2016.48.

Role of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in chronic kidney disease: a new biomarker of resistant albuminuria. Pulido-Olmo H, García-Prieto CF, Álvarez-Llamas G, Barderas MG, Vivanco F, Aranguez I, Somoza B, Segura J, Kreutz R, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Ruilope LM, Ruiz-Hurtado G. Clin Sci (Lond). 2016 Jan 5. pii: CS20150517. [Epub ahead of print]

Fetal undernutrition is associated with perinatal sex-dependent alterations in oxidative status. Rodríguez-Rodríguez P, de Pablo AL, Condezo-Hoyos L, Martín-Cabrejas MA, Aguilera Y, Ruiz-Hurtado G, Gutierrez-Arzapalo PY, Ramiro-Cortijo D, Fernández-Alfonso MS, González Mdel C, Arribas SM. J Nutr Biochem. 2015 Dec;26(12):1650-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.08.004. Epub 2015 Aug 14.

Genetic predisposition to albuminuria is associated with increased arterial stiffness: role of elastin. Gil-Ortega M, García-Prieto CF, Ruiz-Hurtado G, Steireif C, González MC, Schulz A, Kreutz R, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Arribas S, Somoza B. Br J Pharmacol. 2015 Sep;172(17):4406-18. doi: 10.1111/bph.13223. Epub 2015 Jul 21.

Arterial stiffness is associated with adipokine dysregulation in non-hypertensive obese mice. Gil-Ortega M, Martín-Ramos M, Arribas SM, González MC, Aránguez I, Ruiz-Gayo M, Somoza B, Fernández-Alfonso MS. Vascul Pharmacol. 2016 Feb;77:38-47. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.05.012. Epub 2015 May 29.

Regional differences in perivascular adipose tissue impacting vascular homeostasis. Gil-Ortega M, Somoza B, Huang Y, Gollasch M, Fernández-Alfonso MS. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Jul;26(7):367-75. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2015.04.003. Epub 2015 May 22. Review.

Development of progressive albuminuria in male Munich Wistar Frömter rats is androgen dependent. Herlan L, Unland J, Langer S, Schulte L, Schütten S, García-Prieto CF, Kossmehl P, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Schulz A, Kreutz R. Physiol Genomics. 2015 Jul;47(7):281-9. doi: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00008.2015. Epub 2015 May 12.

Vascular AMPK as an attractive target in the treatment of vascular complications of obesity. García-Prieto CF, Gil-Ortega M, Aránguez I, Ortiz-Besoain M, Somoza B, Fernández-Alfonso MS. Vascul Pharmacol. 2015 Apr-Jun;67-69:10-20. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.02.017. Epub 2015 Apr 10. Review.

Mild caloric restriction reduces blood pressure and activates endothelial AMPK-PI3K-Akt-eNOS pathway in obese Zucker rats. García-Prieto CF, Pulido-Olmo H, Ruiz-Hurtado G, Gil-Ortega M, Aranguez I, Rubio MA, Ruiz-Gayo M, Somoza B, Fernández-Alfonso MS. Vascul Pharmacol. 2015 Feb-Mar;65-66:3-12. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2014.12.001. Epub 2014 Dec 18.

High-fat diet induces endothelial dysfunction through a down-regulation of the endothelial AMPK-PI3K-Akt-eNOS pathway. García-Prieto CF, Hernández-Nuño F, Rio DD, Ruiz-Hurtado G, Aránguez I, Ruiz-Gayo M, Somoza B, Fernández-Alfonso MS. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2015 Mar;59(3):520-32. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201400539. Epub 2014 Dec 22.

Development of albuminuria and enhancement of oxidative stress during chronic renin-angiotensin system suppression. Ruiz-Hurtado G, Condezo-Hoyos L, Pulido-Olmo H, Aranguez I, Del Carmen Gónzalez M, Arribas S, Cerezo C, Segura J, Praga M, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Ruilope LM. J Hypertens. 2014 Oct;32(10):2082-91; discussion 2091. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000292.

One step forward for serelaxin as a promising therapy in cardiac fibrosis. Fernández-Alfonso MS, Ruilope LM. Hypertension. 2014 Aug;64(2):229-30. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.03642. No abstract available.

Imbalance between pro and anti-oxidant mechanisms in perivascular adipose tissue aggravates long-term high-fat diet-derived endothelial dysfunction. Gil-Ortega M, Condezo-Hoyos L, García-Prieto CF, Arribas SM, González MC, Aranguez I, Ruiz-Gayo M, Somoza B, Fernández-Alfonso MS. PLoS One. 2014 Apr 23;9(4):e95312. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095312. eCollection 2014.

Ex vivo microperfusion system of the adipose organ: a new approach to studying the mobilization of adipose cell populations. Gil-Ortega M, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Somoza B, Casteilla L, Sengenès C. Int J Obes (Lond). 2014 Sep;38(9):1255-62. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2013.243. Epub 2013 Dec 20.

Mechanisms of perivascular adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity. Fernández-Alfonso MS, Gil-Ortega M, García-Prieto CF, Aranguez I, Ruiz-Gayo M, Somoza B. Int J Endocrinol. 2013;2013:402053. doi: 10.1155/2013/402053. Epub 2013 Nov 7. Review.

Remodeling of energy metabolism and absence of electrophysiological changes in the heart of obese hyperleptinemic mice. New insights into the pleiotropic role of leptin. Guzmán-Ruiz R, Gómez-Hurtado N, Gil-Ortega M, Somoza B, González MC, Aránguez I, Martín-Ramos M, González-Martín C, Delgado C, Fernández-Alfonso M, Ruiz-Gayo M. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2013 Nov 15;4:175. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2013.00175. eCollection 2013

Prolonged leptin treatment increases transient outward K⁺ current via upregulation of Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 channel subunits in adult rat ventricular myocytes. Gómez-Hurtado N, Fernández-Velasco M, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Boscá L, Delgado C. Pflugers Arch. 2014 May;466(5):903-14. doi: 10.1007/s00424-013-1348-3. Epub 2013 Sep 18.

Dissecting the genetic predisposition to albuminuria and endothelial dysfunction in a genetic rat model. Steireif C, García-Prieto CF, Ruiz-Hurtado G, Pulido-Olmo H, Aranguez I, Gil-Ortega M, Somoza B, Schönfelder G, Schulz A, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Kreutz R. J Hypertens. 2013 Nov;31(11):2203-12; discussion 2212. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3283642384.

Anticontractile Effect of Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Leptin are Reduced in Hypertension. Gálvez-Prieto B, Somoza B, Gil-Ortega M, García-Prieto CF, de Las Heras AI, González MC, Arribas S, Aranguez I, Bolbrinker J, Kreutz R, Ruiz-Gayo M, Fernández-Alfonso MS. Front Pharmacol. 2012 Jun 5;3:103. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2012.00103. eCollection 2012.

Leptin drives fat distribution during diet-induced obesity in mice. Guzmán-Ruiz R, Stucchi P, Ramos MP, Sevillano J, Somoza B, Fernández-Alfonso M, Ruiz-Gayo M. Endocrinol Nutr. 2012 Jun-Jul;59(6):354-61. doi: 10.1016/j.endonu.2012.04.001. Epub 2012 Jun 1.

Circadian feeding drive of metabolic activity in adipose tissue and not hyperphagia triggers overweight in mice: is there a role of the pentose-phosphate pathway? Stucchi P, Gil-Ortega M, Merino B, Guzmán-Ruiz R, Cano V, Valladolid-Acebes I, Somoza B, Le Gonidec S, Argente J, Valet P, Chowen JA, Fernández-Alfonso M, Ruiz-Gayo M. Endocrinology. 2012 Feb;153(2):690-9. doi: 10.1210/en.2011-1023. Epub 2011 Dec 6.

Leptin resistance develops spontaneously in mice during adult life in a tissue-specific manner. Consequences for hepatic steatosis. Stucchi P, Guzmán-Ruiz R, Gil-Ortega M, Merino B, Somoza B, Cano V, de Castro J, Sevillano J, Ramos MP, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Ruiz-Gayo M. Biochimie. 2011 Oct;93(10):1779-85. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2011.06.020. Epub 2011 Jul 1.

High-fat diets impair spatial learning in the radial-arm maze in mice. Valladolid-Acebes I, Stucchi P, Cano V, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Merino B, Gil-Ortega M, Fole A, Morales L, Ruiz-Gayo M, Del Olmo N. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2011 Jan;95(1):80-5. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2010.11.007. Epub 2010 Nov 17.

Adaptative nitric oxide overproduction in perivascular adipose tissue during early diet-induced obesity. Gil-Ortega M, Stucchi P, Guzmán-Ruiz R, Cano V, Arribas S, González MC, Ruiz-Gayo M, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Somoza B. Endocrinology. 2010 Jul;151(7):3299-306. doi: 10.1210/en.2009-1464. Epub 2010 Apr 21.

Sensitivity of cardiac carnitine palmitoyltransferase to malonyl-CoA is regulated by leptin: similarities with a model of endogenous hyperleptinemia. Guzmán-Ruiz R, Somoza B, Gil-Ortega M, Merino B, Cano V, Attané C, Castan-Laurell I, Valet P, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Ruiz-Gayo M. Endocrinology. 2010 Mar;151(3):1010-8. doi: 10.1210/en.2009-1170. Epub 2010 Jan 7.

Aliskiren reduces body-weight gain, adiposity and plasma leptin during diet-induced obesity. Stucchi P, Cano V, Ruiz-Gayo M, Fernández-Alfonso MS. Br J Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;158(3):771-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00355.x. Epub 2009 Aug 19.

Retaining perivascular tissue of human saphenous vein grafts protects against Dashwood MR, Savage K, Tsui JC, Dooley A, Shaw SG, Fernández Alfonso MS, Bodin L, Souza DS. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009 Aug;138(2):334-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2008.11.060. Epub 2009 Mar 10.