POZA YAGÜE, MARTA, “Santo Tomás Becket”, Revista Digital de Iconografía Medieval, vol. V, nº 9 (2013), pp. 53-62.
Resumen
Canciller de Inglaterra y Arzobispo de Canterbury, Tomás Becket es asesinado el 29 de diciembre de 1170 en el interior de la catedral cantuariense. Tras su canonización en 1173, pero, especialmente, tras la ceremonia de penitencia pública protagonizada por Enrique II ante su tumba, el 12 de julio de 1174, los hijos del rey extenderán institucionalmente su culto, en un ejercicio por limpiar de culpa la memoria del padre. De forma paralela, e igual de temprana, aparecen las primeras imágenes en las que quedarán fijadas las características fundamentales de su iconografía.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Santo Tomás Becket o Cantuariense; Enrique II; Hagiografía; Iconografía Cristiana.
Abstract
Chancellor of England and Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Becket was murdered on the 29th of December, 1170, inside his own cathedral. After his canonisation in 1173 and especially after the ceremony of public penitence performed by Henry II in front of the martyr’s tomb, which took place on the 12th of July, 1174, the king’s sons institutionally extended Thomas Becket’s cult in order to clear of guilt their father’s memory. Furthermore, the first representations of the saint, in which his main iconographic features were fixed, appeared simultaneously with the tragic events and at an equally early period.
KEYWORDS: Saint Thomas Becket or of Canterbury; Henry II; Hagiography; Christian iconography.